{"id":164161,"date":"2021-12-31T10:12:57","date_gmt":"2021-12-31T08:12:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.btv.md\/?p=164161"},"modified":"2021-12-31T10:12:57","modified_gmt":"2021-12-31T08:12:57","slug":"traditii-si-superstitii-in-ultima-zi-din-an-si-in-noaptea-de-revelion","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.btv.md\/ro\/traditii-si-superstitii-in-ultima-zi-din-an-si-in-noaptea-de-revelion\/","title":{"rendered":"Tradi\u021bii \u0219i supersti\u021bii \u00een ultima zi din an \u0219i \u00een noaptea de Revelion"},"content":{"rendered":"

E Ajunul Anului Nou. Am ajuns \u00een ultima zi a anului 2021, un an vechi, pe care suntem ner\u0103bd\u0103tori s\u0103-l \u00eencheiem \u00een speran\u021ba c\u0103 Anul Nou 2022 va fi unul mai bun \u0219i mai prosper. Ceremonialul de \u00eennoire simbolic\u0103 a timpului calendaristic \u00een noaptea de 31 decembrie spre 1 ianuarie este numit \u201e\u00cengropatul Anului\u201d sau, mai recent, Revelion. Personificare a Soarelui, Anul este numit An Vechi \u00eenainte de miezul nop\u021bii de Revelion \u0219i An Nou dup\u0103 miezul nop\u021bii, transmite\u00a0\u0218tiri.md.\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Divinitatea Anului se na\u0219te, cre\u0219te, \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2ne\u0219te \u0219i moare \u00eempreun\u0103 cu timpul calendaristic pentru a rena\u0219te dup\u0103 365 de zile, respectiv 366 de zile \u00een anii bisec\u021bi.<\/p>\n

Plugu\u0219orul<\/b><\/h4>\n

Probabil\u00a0<\/strong>cel mai cunoscut obicei legat de Ajunul Anului Nou este\u00a0Plugu\u0219orul.\u00a0<\/strong>\u00centotdeauna \u00eenso\u021bit de strig\u0103turi, pocnete de bici \u0219i sunete de clopo\u021bei, este menit s\u0103 alunge cea a fost r\u0103u \u0219i s\u0103 aduc\u0103 ceea ce este fast pentru agricultur\u0103. La sate, Plugu\u0219orul obi\u0219nuia s\u0103 fie extrem de complex, iar alaiurile care mergeau din cas\u0103 \u00een cas\u0103 duceau cu ele chiar un plug adev\u0103rat.\u00a0Plugul adev\u0103rat, tras de boi, a fost \u00eenlocuit cu timpul de un plug miniatural, mai u\u0219or de purtat, sau de buhaiul care imit\u0103 mugetul boilor.<\/p>\n

Str\u0103vechi obicei agrar derivat dintr-o practic\u0103 primitiv\u0103, trecut printr-un rit de fertilitate, Plugu\u0219orul a ajuns o urare obi\u0219nuit\u0103 de recolte bogate \u00een anul care abia \u00eencepe. Textul este \u00een excelen\u021b\u0103 o nara\u021bie privind muncile agricole, recurg\u00e2nd la elemente fabuloase. \u00cencepe cu aratul, fiind urmat de sem\u0103nat, \u00eengrijirea plantelor, recoltat \u0219i adusul boabelor \u00een hambare.<\/p>\n

Sem\u0103natul<\/strong>\u00a0este un obicei agrar, structurat dup\u0103 modelul colindelor \u0219i practicat de copii \u00een diminea\u021ba zilei de Anul Nou, dup\u0103 \u00eencheierea Plugu\u0219orului. Colind\u0103torii purt\u00e2nd traiste de g\u00e2t \u00eenc\u0103rcate cu semin\u021be de gr\u00e2u, secar\u0103, orz, ov\u0103z, mai rar cu porumb, intr\u0103 \u00een case, arunc\u0103 boabe cu m\u00e2na, imit\u00e2nd sem\u0103natul pe ogor, \u0219i ureaz\u0103 gazdelor s\u0103n\u0103tate \u0219i roade bogate. Ei sunt r\u0103spl\u0103ti\u021bi cu mere, colaci sau bani. Dup\u0103 plecarea lor, gospodinele adun\u0103 semin\u021bele \u0219i le duc \u00een grajdul vitelor, pentru a fi s\u0103n\u0103toase peste an.<\/h4>\n

Masca\u021bii<\/b><\/h4>\n

\u00cen satele rom\u00e2ne\u015fti, cetele de fl\u0103c\u0103i sunt chemate s\u0103 perpetueze datinile \u015fi tradi\u021biile din timpul s\u0103rb\u0103torilor de iarn\u0103.\u00a0\u00cen Ajunul Noului An, pe \u00eenserat, \u00ee\u015fi fac apari\u0163ia \u201emasca\u0163ii\u201d. \u00cen satele bucovinene, ceata reune\u015fte personaje mascate: ursul, capra, c\u0103iu\u0163ii, cerbii, ur\u00e2\u0163ii, frumo\u015fii, dracii, doctorii, ursarii, bunghierii etc. Dup\u0103 l\u0103sarea serii, ceata cea mare se f\u0103r\u00e2mi\u0163eaz\u0103, iar grupurile rezultate \u00eencep s\u0103 mearg\u0103 din cas\u0103 \u00een cas\u0103, p\u00e2n\u0103 la r\u0103s\u0103ritul soarelui, atunci c\u00e2nd Anul Nou \u00ee\u015fi intr\u0103 \u00een drepturi.<\/p>\n

Umblatul cu Capra<\/strong>\u00a0\u0163ine, de regul\u0103, de la Cr\u0103ciun p\u00e2n\u0103 la Anul Nou. M\u0103\u015ftile care evoc\u0103 la Vicleim personaje biblice sunt \u00eenlocuite aici de masca unui singur animal, al c\u0103rui nume variaz\u0103 de la o regiune la alta: cerb \u00een Hunedoara, capr\u0103 sau \u0163urc\u0103 \u00een Moldova \u015fi Ardeal, bori\u0163\u0103 (de la bour) \u00een Transilvania de sud. \u00cen Muntenia \u015fi Oltenia, capra este denumit\u0103 \u201ebrezaia\u201d (din cauza \u00eenf\u0103\u0163i\u015f\u0103rii pestri\u0163e a m\u0103\u015ftii), \u015fi obiceiul se practic\u0103 mai ales de Anul Nou. Capra se alc\u0103tuie\u015fte dintr-un lemn scurt, cioplit \u00een form\u0103 de cap de capr\u0103, care se \u00eenvele\u015fte cu h\u00e2rtie ro\u015fie, peste care se pune o alt\u0103 h\u00e2rtie, neagr\u0103, m\u0103runt t\u0103iat\u0103 \u015fi \u00eencre\u0163it\u0103, sau se lipe\u015fte o piele sub\u0163ire cu p\u0103r pe ea.<\/p>\n

Obiceiul\u00a0umblatului cu Ursul<\/strong>\u00a0este \u00eent\u00e2lnit doar \u00een Moldova. Ursul este \u00eentruchipat de un fl\u0103c\u0103u purt\u00e2nd pe cap \u015fi umeri blana unui animal, \u00eempodobit\u0103 \u00een dreptul urechilor cu ciucuri ro\u015fii. Masca este condus\u0103 de un \u201eUrsar\u201d, \u00eenso\u0163it\u0103 de muzican\u0163i \u015fi urmat\u0103, adesea, de un \u00eentreg alai de personaje (printre care se poate afla un copil \u00een rolul \u201epuiului de urs\u201d). \u00cen r\u0103p\u0103itul tobelor sau pe melodia fluierului, \u015fi ajutat\u0103 de un ciomag, masca morm\u0103ie \u015fi imit\u0103 pa\u015fii leg\u0103na\u0163i \u015fi sacada\u0163i ai ursului, izbind puternic p\u0103m\u00e2ntul cu t\u0103lpile, ceea ce semnific\u0103\u00a0purificarea \u015fi fertilizarea solului \u00een noul an.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eCele rele s\u0103 se spele, cele bune s\u0103 se adune!\u201d<\/b><\/p>\n

Strigatul peste sat<\/strong>\u00a0este ceremonialul nocturn al cetelor de feciori pentru judecarea public\u0103 a celor care au \u00eenc\u0103lcat regulile comunit\u0103\u0163ii. Coco\u021ba\u021bi pe dealuri, movile, copaci sau acoperi\u0219uri, ei \u201ebiciuiesc\u201d prin versuri fetele b\u0103tr\u00e2ne, fl\u0103c\u0103ii tomnatici, femeile care fac farmece \u0219i desc\u00e2ntece, lene\u0219ii, ho\u021bii sau be\u021bivii. Acest dialog este a\u0219teptat de \u00eentreaga comunitate \u0219i se \u00eencheie cu formula \u201eCele rele s\u0103 se spele, cele bune s\u0103 se adune!\u201d.<\/p>\n

Pentru cur\u0103\u021barea relelor \u0219i alungarea spiritelor rele, obiceiul este \u00eenso\u021bit de aprinderea focurilor.<\/p>\n

Sorcova, \u00eenceputul fast al noului an<\/b><\/h4>\n

Un alt obicei de Anul Nou,\u00a0umblatul cu Sorcova,<\/strong>\u00a0reprezint\u0103 bucuria copiilor, care poart\u0103 o crengu\u021b\u0103 \u00eenmugurit\u0103 de copac sau o sorcov\u0103 confec\u021bionat\u0103 dintr-un b\u0103\u021b \u00een jurul c\u0103ruia s-au \u00eempletit flori de h\u00e2rtie colorat\u0103. Numele de sorcov\u0103 vine de la cuv\u00e2ntul bulgar \u201esurov\u201d (verde fraged), aluzie la ramura abia \u00eembobocit\u0103, rupt\u0103 odinioar\u0103 dintr-un arbore.<\/p>\n

\u00cenclinat\u0103 de mai multe ori \u00een direc\u021bia unei anumite persoane, sorcova joac\u0103 \u00eentruc\u00e2tva rolul unei baghete magice, \u00eenzestrat\u0103 cu capacitatea de a transmite vigoare \u0219i tinere\u021be celui vizat. Textul ur\u0103rii, care aminte\u0219te de o vraj\u0103, nu face dec\u00e2t s\u0103 \u00eent\u0103reasc\u0103 efectul mi\u0219c\u0103rii sorcovei.<\/p>\n

\u00cen ziua de Anul Nou, copiii umbl\u0103 cu sorcova din cas\u0103 \u00een cas\u0103, \u00een special pe la cunoscu\u0163i, ur\u00e2ndu-le via\u0163\u0103 lung\u0103, s\u0103n\u0103tate \u015fi prosperitate.<\/p>\n

Copiii \u00ee\u015fi sorcovesc p\u0103rin\u0163i \u015fi rudele apropiate, apoi pornesc, c\u00e2te doi-trei, s\u0103 colinde vecinii. \u00cen timpul uratului, ace\u015ftia ating ritmic cu sorcova u\u015fa sau fereastra, dac\u0103 se colind\u0103 afar\u0103, sau corpul gazdelor, dac\u0103 se colind\u0103 \u00een\u0103untru. Dup\u0103 terminarea colindatului, sorcova se p\u0103streaz\u0103 peste an, ca un lucru sf\u00e2nt, ag\u0103\u0163at\u0103 de peretele de la r\u0103s\u0103rit al casei, la icoan\u0103 sau \u00een alt loc curat al gospod\u0103riei.<\/p>\n

Semnifica\u021bia zgomotului de Anul Nou<\/b><\/h4>\n

Sunt o serie de supersti\u021bii legate de noaptea Anului Nou. Nu numai \u00een Rom\u00e2nia, ci \u00een \u00eentreaga lume.<\/p>\n

O practic\u0103 p\u0103g\u00e2n\u0103 s-a men\u0163inut p\u00e2n\u0103 ast\u0103zi, modalitatea de punere \u00een aplicare fiind \u00eens\u0103 diferit\u0103. Societ\u0103\u0163ile arhaice credeau c\u0103 spiritele malefice se tem de zgomote puternice \u015fi de lumin\u0103 \u015fi, de aceea, \u00een noaptea dintre ani, aprindeau focuri mari \u015fi f\u0103ceau zgomot pentru ca \u00een anul ce vine s\u0103 fie feri\u0163i de rele. \u00cen zilele noastre, focurile \u015fi tobele au fost \u00eenlocuite cu artificii,\u00a0petarde \u015fi pocnitori care marcheaz\u0103 trecerea \u00eentr-un nou an f\u0103r\u0103 ghinioane<\/strong>. \u015ei\u00a0clopo\u0163eii<\/strong>\u00a0suna\u0163i cu putere la miezul nop\u0163ii alung\u0103 spiritele rele.<\/p>\n

Cu haine noi \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 lacrimi de Revelion<\/b><\/h4>\n

\u00cen orice caz, \u00een noaptea dintre ani \u015fi pe 1 ianuarie\u00a0nu se pl\u00e2nge<\/strong>. Tradi\u0163ia spune c\u0103 aceia care pl\u00e2ng \u00een prima zi a anului vor avea un an cu evenimente triste.<\/p>\n

Se crede c\u0103\u00a0Anul Nou trebuie s\u0103 te prind\u0103 cu haine noi<\/strong>\u00a0pentru ca \u00een urm\u0103toarele 365 de zile s\u0103 prime\u015fti c\u00e2t mai multe cadouri. De asemenea, pentru un an norocos \u015fi plin de iubire sunt de preferat\u00a0hainele ro\u015fii,<\/strong>\u00a0ro\u015ful fiind considerat culoarea veseliei \u015fi a dragostei.<\/p>\n

Cine este politicos \u015fi manierat de Anul Nou va fi tot timpul a\u015fa, de aceea se spune c\u0103 \u00een noaptea de Revelion\u00a0trebuie evitate at\u00e2t discu\u0163iile \u00een contradictoriu \u015fi limbajul licen\u0163ios sau brutal, c\u00e2t \u015fi povestirile cu fantome sau mor\u0163i.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00cen afar\u0103 de faptul c\u0103 nu sunt deloc pl\u0103cute, acestea atrag \u015fi ghinionul.<\/p>\n

Despre\u00a0copiii n\u0103scu\u0163i pe 1 ianuarie<\/strong>\u00a0se spune c\u0103 vor avea noroc toat\u0103 via\u0163a.<\/p>\n

De ce nu e bine s\u0103 duci gunoiul \u00een noaptea de Anul Nou<\/b><\/h4>\n

\u00cen mai multe \u0163\u0103ri, printre care \u015fi Rom\u00e2nia, oamenii\u00a0nu \u00eemprumut\u0103 bani, bijuterii sau alte obiecte de pre\u0163 \u00een prima zi din an<\/strong>\u00a0\u015fi nici\u00a0nu pl\u0103tesc datorii sau taxe<\/strong>,\u00a0nu duc gunoiul \u015fi nu ofer\u0103 daruri<\/strong>, toate acestea fiind semne de s\u0103r\u0103cie \u00een anul ce abia \u00eencepe. Unii merg chiar mai departe cu supersti\u0163ia \u015fi, dac\u0103 sunt nevoi\u0163i s\u0103 scoat\u0103 ceva din cas\u0103, cheam\u0103 pe altcineva \u00een acest sens.<\/p>\n

Americanii obi\u015fnuiesc ca la cump\u0103na dintre ani\u00a0s\u0103 lase toate u\u015file \u015fi ferestrele deschise pentru ca anul vechi s\u0103 plece imediat \u015fi s\u0103 fac\u0103 loc celui nou.<\/strong><\/p>\n

O alt\u0103 supersti\u0163ie spune c\u0103 e bine ca, \u00een prima zi a anului nu este bine s\u0103 ie\u015fi din cas\u0103 dec\u00e2t dup\u0103 ce deja ai primit un musafir care nu trebuie s\u0103 fie blond sau ro\u015fcat, s\u0103 aib\u0103 platfus sau strabism \u015fi nici spr\u00e2ncenele \u00eempreunate, pentru c\u0103 aduce ghinion.<\/p>\n

Pentru dragoste \u015fi prosperitate, pentru s\u0103n\u0103tate \u015fi veselie \u00een anul ce vine este bine ca\u00a0la miezul nop\u0163ii s\u0103 dansa\u0163i \u00een aer liber, cel mai bine \u00een jurul unui copac.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Fetele care vor s\u0103 se m\u0103rite \u00een urm\u0103toarele 12 luni ar fi bine ca prima persoan\u0103 pe care o v\u0103d de la geamul dormitorului s\u0103 fie un\u00a0b\u0103rbat.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nu se spal\u0103 vasele de Anul Nou<\/b><\/h4>\n

De asemenea, se spune c\u0103, pentru un an \u00eembel\u015fugat\u00a0este bine ca la miezul nop\u0163ii pe mas\u0103 s\u0103 fie pahare \u015fi farfurii pline,<\/strong>\u00a0iar fiecare mebru al familiei s\u0103 aib\u0103\u00a0bani asupra sa.<\/strong>\u00a0Paharele, farfuriile \u015fi buzunarele goale sunt semnele unui an s\u0103rac, consider\u0103 supersti\u0163io\u015fii.<\/p>\n

Tot de vesel\u0103 se leag\u0103 un alt semn de r\u0103u augur pentru anul ce vine.\u00a0Se spune c\u0103 dac\u0103 speli vasele \u00een prima zi a anului, cineva drag va muri.<\/strong>\u00a0Mai zelo\u015fi,\u00a0unii nu \u00ee\u015fi spal\u0103 nici p\u0103rul pe 1 ianuarie.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cencerca\u021bi s\u0103 v\u0103 pl\u0103ti\u021bi datoriile!<\/p>\n

De\u015fi pu\u0163ini agreeaz\u0103 ideea, se spune c\u0103 aceia care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een prima zi a anului au mai multe \u015fanse de a avansa \u00een carier\u0103 \u00een perioada urm\u0103toare.<\/strong>\u00a0\u00cens\u0103, paradoxal,\u00a0s\u0103 demarezi un proiect de amploare \u00een acea zi este curat ghinion.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 nu dori\u0163i s\u0103 fi\u0163i datori tot anul ce vine, \u00eencerca\u0163i s\u0103 v\u0103 pl\u0103ti\u0163i datoriile p\u00e2n\u0103 la miezul nop\u0163ii.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Alimente norocoase<\/b><\/h4>\n

\u00cen sudul Statelor Unite se crede c\u0103 un semn de noroc pentru tot anul este dac\u0103 \u00een prima zi din ianuarie se consum\u0103\u00a0fasole cu bobul negru.<\/strong>\u00a0Se mai spune c\u0103 norocos va fi de dou\u0103 ori mai mult acela care g\u0103te\u015fte fasolea. \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, se spune c\u0103 nu trebuie s\u0103 lipseasc\u0103\u00a0pe\u0219tele<\/strong>\u00a0sau m\u0103car icrele pe masa de Anul Nou, pentru a te strecura la fel de u\u0219or ca pe\u0219tele \u00een anul ce vine \u0219i pentru a avea noroc.<\/p>\n

Acelea\u0219i tradi\u021bii spun c\u0103 pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 v\u00e2sc, \u00een noaptea de Anul Nou e bine s\u0103 ave\u021bi pe mas\u0103\u00a0struguri \u0219i smochine.<\/strong><\/p>\n

V\u00e2ntul arat\u0103 semnele viitorului<\/b><\/h4>\n

Mai multe popoare ale lumii sunt atente la\u00a0direc\u0163ia v\u00e2ntului<\/strong>\u00a0\u00een diminea\u0163a Anului Nou. Dac\u0103 bate din sud, preveste\u015fte un an \u00eembel\u015fugat \u015fi vreme bun\u0103, \u00een timp ce v\u00e2ntul din nord este semn de vreme rea \u015fi an dificil. V\u00e2ntul care bate din este preveste\u015fte calamit\u0103\u0163i naturale, iar de la vest e semn c\u0103 \u00een anul ce vine va fi bog\u0103\u0163ie de lapte \u015fi pe\u015fte, dar \u015fi decesul unei persoane publice importante. Dac\u0103 nu se simte adierea v\u00e2ntului este semn de veselie \u015fi prosperitate pentru tot anul.<\/p>\n

V\u00e2scul, aduc\u0103tor de noroc \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tate<\/b><\/h4>\n

Considerat\u0103 o plant\u0103 sacr\u0103,\u00a0v\u00e2scul<\/strong>\u00a0trebuie s\u0103 fie prezent de Anul Nou \u00een orice cas\u0103. Aduce noroc \u0219i s\u0103n\u0103tate, se spune din b\u0103tr\u00e2ni.\u00a0<\/strong>\u00cen mitologia german\u0103, v\u00e2scul este considerat o plant\u0103 miraculoas\u0103 care venea din cer \u015fi nu cre\u015ftea pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt, fiind un leac ideal pentru fertilitate. De asemenea, cuplurile care se s\u0103rut\u0103 sub aceast\u0103 plant\u0103 \u00een noaptea dintre ani se spune c\u0103 vor avea o rela\u0163ie trainic\u0103 \u015fi fericit\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

E Ajunul Anului Nou. Am ajuns \u00een ultima zi a anului 2021, un an vechi, pe care suntem ner\u0103bd\u0103tori s\u0103-l \u00eencheiem \u00een speran\u021ba c\u0103 Anul Nou 2022 va fi unul mai bun \u0219i mai prosper. Ceremonialul de \u00eennoire simbolic\u0103 a timpului calendaristic \u00een noaptea de 31 decembrie spre 1 ianuarie este numit \u201e\u00cengropatul Anului\u201d sau, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":26,"featured_media":164163,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6349],"tags":[37734,37732,32429,37733],"class_list":["post-164161","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-social","tag-noaptea-de-revelion","tag-superstitii","tag-traditii","tag-ultima-zi-din-an"],"yoast_head":"\nTradi\u021bii \u0219i supersti\u021bii \u00een ultima zi din an \u0219i \u00een noaptea de Revelion - BTV<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.btv.md\/ro\/amp\/traditii-si-superstitii-in-ultima-zi-din-an-si-in-noaptea-de-revelion\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Tradi\u021bii \u0219i supersti\u021bii \u00een ultima zi din an \u0219i \u00een noaptea de Revelion - BTV\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"E Ajunul Anului Nou. 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